Designing a Communication Model of Jihad-e Tabyin on Social Media: Emphasizing Media Literacy and Its Implications for Education in Advancing the Objectives of the Second Step Statement of the Islamic Revolution

Document Type : Scientific-Research Article

Author
ali jafari
Department of Participation and Communication, Research Institute for Education Studies, Organization for Educational Research and Planning, Tehran, Iran.
10.30497/rc.2026.250574.2182
Abstract
The expansion of social media and its growing role in shaping public opinion, narrative conflicts, and cognitive warfare have highlighted the need for innovative strategies of Jihad-e Tabyin (clarification). This study aimed to develop a communication model for Jihad-e Tabyin in social media, with an emphasis on media literacy and its implications for education in advancing the objectives of the Second Step Statement of the Islamic Revolution. The study was applied in purpose and qualitative in approach, employing thematic analysis as its research strategy. Data were collected through 15 semi-structured interviews with scholars and experts in communication sciences, media, cultural policymaking, and educational sciences and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach. The findings yielded 73 initial codes, 19 subthemes, and six main themes: cognitive requirements, content strategies, communication strategies, social media capacities, barriers and challenges, and outcomes of Jihad-e Tabyin. The results indicated that enhancing media literacy, effective narrative construction, fostering social hope, two-way interaction, social networking, and leveraging technological capacities constitute essential requirements for Jihad-e Tabyin in social media. The final model conceptualizes Jihad-e Tabyin as a multidimensional and strategic process that can contribute to strengthening social capital, public trust, and revolutionary identity and advancing the objectives of the Second Step Statement of the Islamic Revolution. Based on the model, education can contribute to these objectives by strengthening media literacy and critical thinking, empowering teachers, fostering active and responsible students in digital environments, and developing dialogue- and narrative-based educational practices.
Keywords
Communication Model
Second Step Statement of the Islamic Revolution. Communication Model
Jihad-e Tabyin
Social Media
Media Literacy
Education
Second Step Statement of the Islamic Revolution
Subjects
قرآن کریم.
امیری، جهاندار و ملکی، سبحان (1404). نقش فضای مجازی و شبکه‌های اجتماعی در بازآفرینی مؤلفه‌های انقلاب اسلامی (با تأکید بر توصیه‌های رهبری در بیانیه گام دوم انقلاب اسلامی). مطالعات رسانه دینی، 7(26)، 7-40.
امینی، سیدجواد؛ محمدیانی، محمد و سلیم، حجت (1404). الگوی راهبردی مدیریت رسانه‌های اجتماعی در عرصه جهاد تبیین. دوفصلنامه علمی دین و ارتباطات، 32(1)، 110-154.
جعفری، علی (1403). نقش رسانه ملی در تحقق اهداف بیانیه گام دوم انقلاب اسلامی. فصلنامه علمی مطالعات بیداری اسلامی، 13(1)، 97-114.
خامنه‌ای، سیدعلی. بیانات مقام معظم رهبری، دفتر حفظ و نشر آثار حضرت آیت‌الله العظمی خامنه‌ای: https://farsi.khamenei.ir
دارابی، علی (1399). گام دوم انقلاب اسلامی، تهاجم نرم و سواد رسانه‌ای. فصلنامه علمی مطالعات قدرت نرم، 10(2)، 19-45.
محسنی، مجتبی و عرب‌نژاد، حسین (1404). جایگاه جهاد تبیین در تحقق تمدن نوین اسلامی در بیانیه گام دوم انقلاب. فصلنامه پژوهش‌های راهبردی گام دوم انقلاب اسلامی، 1(3)، 93-107.
محمدزاده بنی‌طرفی، مهدی (۱۴۰۲). جهاد تبیین و نقش حلقه‌های میانی در تحقق بیانیه گام دوم انقلاب اسلامی. فصلنامه جامعه‌شناسی سیاسی انقلاب اسلامی، 3(4)، 135-117.
محمدی، عباس؛ عزیزآبادی فراهانی؛ فاطمه، عامری شهرابی، محسن و قیومی، عباسعلی (1403). طراحی الگوی راهبردهای فرهنگی نقش دانشگاه در جهاد تبیین مبتنی بر بیانیه گام دوم انقلاب اسلامی. مطالعات وحدت حوزه و دانشگاه، 1(2)، 31-48.
موسوی، سیدمحمدرضا (1405). اصول، مبانی و سیاست‌های جهاد تبیین با توجه به بیانیه گام دوم انقلاب. فصلنامه پژوهش‌های راهبردی گام دوم انقلاب اسلامی، 2(1)، 69-90.
نوده فراهانی، اسماعیل (1399). الگوی حکمرانی گام اول انقلاب و دلالت‌های سیاست‌گذارانه «بیانیه گام دوم». اسلام و علوم اجتماعی، 12(23)، 5-32.
 
Boyd, D. M. & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210–230.
Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Castells, M. (2010). The Rise of the Network Society (2nd ed.). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Habermas, J. (1989). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Laclau, E. & Mouffe, C. (1985). Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. London: Verso.
Lincoln, Y. S. & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
 
 
References
Amini, Seyyed Javad; Mohammadyani, Mohammad & Salim, Hojjat (2025). A strategic model for managing social media in the field of Jihad of Explanation. Religion and Communication, 32(1), 110–154. (In Persian)
Amiri, Jahandar & Maleki, Sobhan (2025). The role of cyberspace and social networks in reconstructing the components of the Islamic Revolution (with an emphasis on the Leader’s recommendations in the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution Statement). Religious Media Studies, 7(26), 7–40. (In Persian)
Boyd, D. M. & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210–230.
Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Castells, M. (2010). The Rise of the Network Society (2nd ed.). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Castells, M. (2010). The Rise of the Network Society (2nd ed.). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Darabi, Ali (2020). The Second Step of the Islamic Revolution, soft aggression, and media literacy. Scientific Quarterly of Soft Power Studies, 10(2), 19–45. (In Persian)
Habermas, J. (1989). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Jafari, Ali (2024). The role of national media in achieving the objectives of the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution Statement. Scientific Quarterly of Islamic Awakening Studies, 13(1), 97–114. (In Persian)
Khamenei, Seyyed Ali (2019). The Second Step of the Islamic Revolution Statement. Tehran: Office for the Preservation and Publication of the Works of Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei. (In Persian).
Khamenei, Seyyed Ali (2021). Statements at a meeting with various groups of people concerning the Jihad of Explanation. Tehran: Office for the Preservation and Publication of the Works of Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei. (In Persian)
Khamenei, Seyyed Ali (2022). Statements at a meeting with university students. Tehran: Office for the Preservation and Publication of the Works of Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei. (In Persian)
Laclau, E. & Mouffe, C. (1985). Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. London: Verso.
Lincoln, Y. S. & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Mohammadi, Abbas, Azizabadi Farahani, Fatemeh, Ameri Shahabi, Mohsen & Ghayoumi, Abbasali (2024). Designing a model of cultural strategies for the role of universities in the Jihad of Explanation based on the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution Statement. Studies on the Unity of Seminary and University, 1(2), 31–48. (In Persian)
Mohammadzadeh Banitarafi, Mehdi (2023). Jihad of Explanation and the role of intermediary circles in realizing the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution Statement. Quarterly Journal of Political Sociology of the Islamic Revolution, 3(4), 117–135. (In Persian)
Mohseni, Mojtaba & Arabnejad, Hossein (2025). The position of Jihad of Explanation in realizing the New Islamic Civilization in the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution Statement. Strategic Studies of the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution, 1(3), 93–107. (In Persian)
Mousavi, Seyyed Mohammad Reza (2026). Principles, foundations, and policies of the Jihad of Explanation in light of the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution Statement. Strategic Studies of the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution, 2(1), 69–90. (In Persian)
Nodeh Farahani, Esmail (2020). The governance model of the First Step of the Revolution and its policy implications for the “Second Step Statement.” Islam and Social Sciences, 12(23), 5–32. (In Persian)
 
 
 
 
Religion & Communication
Volume 33, Issue 1 - Serial Number 69
religion and communication
September 2026
Pages 275-306