دین و ارتباطات (نامه صادق)

ارائه الگوی سیاست‌گذاری فرهنگی مبتنی بر پیشران‌های مؤثر در آموزش مجازی دانشگاه

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه سیاست‌گذاری فرهنگی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد تهران شمال دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، جمهوری اسلامی ایران

2 گروه مدیریت فرهنگی و مدیریت رسانه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران، ایران

3 گروه سیاستگذاری فرهنگی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این مقاله با هدف طراحی الگوی سیاست‌گذاری فرهنگی آموزش­ مجازی دانشگاه با رویکرد آینده­پژوهانه به‌عنوان چهارچوبی نظام‌یافته و عملیاتی به نگارش درآمد. سیاست‌گذاری بر مبنای آینده­پژوهی رویکرد پیش‌دستانه را تقویت می‌کند تا قبل از ایجاد مسئله، شرایط را مدیریت کرده و با ارائه راه­حلی مبتنی بر آراء ذی‌نفعان، احتمال بروز مشکل و بحران به حداقل رساند. دانشگاه یکی از مراکز­ راهبردی در کشور بوده و به‌عنوان نهادی هوشمند، خودتنظیم و خودراهبر راهی جز حرکت به سمت الگوی آینده‌­نگاری راهبردی ندارد. پیشران آموزش ­مجازی، یکی از محرک‌های اصلی الگوواره پایداری در دانشگاه است که به‌عنوان دستیار ­جدی نظام آموزشی سنتی در مدیریت بحران ایفای نقش می‌کند، باوجوداین هویت اجتماعی دانشگاه در نظام آموزش مجازی، نگرانی‌های روزافزونی را نسبت به آینده این نظام در دانشگاه خصوصاً در ­بُعد فرهنگی ـ اجتماعی به‌وجود آورده است. این پژوهش، از نظر هدف، توسعه‌ای ـ کاربردی بوده و ماهیت آن توصیفی ـ اکتشافی است. دراین‌راستا با همراهی پنل خبرگان از طریق مصاحبه عمیق و نیمه‌ساختاریافته، با کمک روش تحلیل تأثیر ساختار متقابل و نرم‌افزار میک­مک پیشران‌های مؤثر شناسایی گردید و ­بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، با­روش SSM (روش سیستم‌های نرم) الگوی سیاست‌گذاری فرهنگی بر اساس تعاملات پیچیده بین عوامل، توجه به ذی‌نفعان متعدد سیستم آموزش مجازی در دانشگاه، تضاد بین جهانی­سازی آموزش مجازی و الزامات فرهنگی ایرانی ـ اسلامی و تغییرات شدید فناوری، طراحی گردید. این الگو براساس الگوی فرایندی، در 5­ مرحله طراحی شده ­است که مرحله اول، پیش‌بینی، تجویز و تصمیم­گیری در مورد سیاست‌های فرهنگی متناسب با نیاز حال و آینده، مرحله دوم، شکل‌‌گیری و انتخاب سیاست‌ها، مرحله سوم، اجرای سیاست‌ها، مرحله چهارم، ارزیابی پسینی سیاست‌ها و مرحله پنجم، تعدیل، اصلاح یا تثبیت سیاست‌ها می‌باشد. این الگو با ­حفظ جامعیت ­نسبی، عقلانیت ­و ­منطق متعارف ­و ­توجه به­ذی‌نفعان، به‌عنوان انگاره‌ای ساده اولاً، حدود و ثغور سیاست‌گذاری در دانشگاه؛ ثانیاً، جایگاه آموزش مجازی در دانشگاه و ثالثاً، متمرکز بر روندها و پیشران‌های مؤثر در حوزه سیاست‌گذاری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Presenting a cultural policy-making model based on effective drivers in university virtual education

نویسندگان [English]

  • samaneh moradi 1
  • abbasali ghayoomi 2
  • esmaeil Kavousi 3

1  Department of Cultural Policy, NT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R.Iran

2 Department of Cultural Management and Media Managemen, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Cultural Policy NT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

This article designs a futures-oriented cultural policy model for virtual education in universities. It proposes a proactive framework to anticipate challenges and minimize crises by incorporating stakeholder input. While virtual education is a key driver for sustainability and complements traditional systems, especially in crises, it raises concerns about preserving the university's social identity in the digital realm, particularly socio-culturally. The model addresses the tension between globalized education and specific cultural requirements, aiming to provide a structured approach for effective policy-making in this evolving field.
This research is developmental-applied in terms of its purpose and its nature is descriptive-exploratory. In this regard, with the assistance of a panel of experts through in-depth and semi-structured interviews, effective drivers were identified with the help of the interaction structure impact analysis method and the Mic-Mac software. Based on the results obtained, a cultural policy-making model was designed using the SSM (Soft Systems Method) method based on complex interactions between factors, attention to the multiple stakeholders of the virtual education system in the university, the conflict between the globalization of virtual education and Iranian-Islamic cultural requirements, and drastic technological changes. This model has been designed based on a process model in 5 stages, the first stage being prediction, prescription, and decision-making regarding cultural policies in accordance with current and future needs, the second stage being the formation and selection of policies, the third stage being the implementation of policies, the fourth stage being the ex post evaluation of policies, and the fifth stage being the adjustment, modification, or stabilization of policies. This model, while maintaining relative comprehensiveness, rationality, common sense, and attention to stakeholders, is a simple concept that firstly focuses on the limits and pitfalls of policymaking in universities, secondly on the place of virtual education in universities, and thirdly on effective trends and drivers in the field of policymaking.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultural policymaking
  • Model
  • Effective drivers
  • Virtual education
  • Future studies
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دین و ارتباطات (نامه صادق)
دوره 32، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 68
دین و ارتباطات
دی 1404
صفحه 821-862